Using git version control

Using git

如果你不太習慣從terminal (Mac)或cmd (Win)等command line來下指令,你可以安裝github desktop來下載或管理自己的repository,視窗化的工具有助於你初步了解git這種版本控制工具要如何用。

我們將Terminal(Mac)或cmd(Win)這種工具稱為命令列工具(Command line)。

Command line要如何下可參考joshnh/Git-Command的說明。初始化一個repository有兩種時機,一種是你要把電腦裡的一個資料夾放到github上,另一種是,你要把網路上的一個github repo clone到你的電腦裡,分別是以下兩個指令。

Getting & Creating Projects

Command

Description

git init

Initialize a local Git repository

git clone ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git

Create a local copy of a remote repository

除了初始化外,git有三個主要的動作

  1. commit:提交任何變更,commit後不會寫到github,而且可以退回。

  2. push:在提交變更後,把這些變更版本覆蓋到github上。

  3. pull:把github上別人改過的版本拉下來,覆蓋掉自己電腦上的版本。

Basic Snapshotting

Command

Description

git status

Check status

git add [file-name.txt]

Add a file to the staging area

git add -A

Add all new and changed files to the staging area

git commit -m "[commit message]"

Commit changes

git rm -r [file-name.txt]

Remove a file (or folder)

Sharing & Updating Projects

Command

Description

git push origin [branch name]

Push a branch to your remote repository

git push -u origin [branch name]

Push changes to remote repository (and remember the branch)

git push

Push changes to remote repository (remembered branch)

git push origin --delete [branch name]

Delete a remote branch

git pull

Update local repository to the newest commit

git pull origin [branch name]

Pull changes from remote repository

git remote add origin ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git

Add a remote repository

git remote set-url origin ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git

Set a repository's origin branch to SSH

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